2023天津教师招聘常考知识点：非谓语动词详解

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　　非谓语动词详解

　　在教师招聘考试英语学科考题中，非谓语动词是重点也是难点，很多同学做题无从下手，非谓语动词的形式及用法傻傻分不清，那本次内容给大家介绍非谓语动词的基本形式及用法，希望对大家做题有所帮助。

非谓语形式		构成
		时态和语态		否定式	复合结构
不定式		to do to be doing to have done	to be done to have been done	在非谓语前加not	for sb. to do sth.
分词	现在分词	doing having done	being done having been done
	过去分词	done
动名词		doing having done	being done having been done		sb’s doing

　　1. 非谓语动词作主语的区别

　　To do such a thing is foolish.

　　Teaching is my job.

　　2 非谓语动词作表语的区别

　　My job is to paint the walls.

　　My job is painting walls.

　　My job is interesting.

　　He is interested in his job.

　　3 非谓语动词作宾语的区别

　　She found it difficult to finish the task.

　　I enjoy reading books.

　　注意：只接不定式，不能接动名词作宾语的词如下： hope, want, afford, agree, arrange, ask, care, choose, decide, demand, determine, expect, fail, help, hesitate, long(渴望), manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish.

　　注意：常见只接动名词做宾语的动词和短语如下：admit, advise, allow, avoid, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, give up, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, practice, resist, suggest, excuse, deny, forbid, risk, appreciate, be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't help, spend…(in), be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, stick to等.

　　注意：既可接to do，也可接动名词做宾语的动词：

　　意义基本相同的有：

　　begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue;need, want, require

　　意义不同的有：

　　stop / go on to do VS stop / go on doing

　　remember / forget/ regret to do

　　remember / forget / regret doing

　　try to do VS try doing; mean to do VS mean doing

　　can't help to do VS can't help doing

　　4 非谓语动词作宾补的区别

　　She asked me to finish the task.

　　I heard her call me several times.

　　I found her listening to the radio.

　　We found the village greatly changed.

　　非谓语动词做宾补的区别

　　1. 不定式：与宾语是主谓关系，将来或已经完成。

　　(1)带 to：ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage

　　(2)不带 to： have, notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let, make

　　一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助

　　1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词。

　　2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。

　　3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。

　　4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。

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